A diode has two terminals: the anode (+) and the cathode (−). When connected in forward bias, current flows. When reversed, the diode blocks the current.
Diodos
What is a Diode? A diode is an electronic component that allows electric current to flow in one direction only. It blocks current in the opposite direction, which makes it very useful for protection and control in circuits.
- Rectifier Diode: Converts AC to DC in power supplies.
- Zener Diode: Controls and stabilizes voltage.
- LED: Emits light when current flows.
- Schottky Diode: Very fast with low voltage drop.
- Signal Diode: Used in small signal circuits.
Typical forward voltage drop:
- Silicon diode: ≈ 0.7V
- Schottky diode: ≈ 0.2 – 0.3V
- LED: 1.8V – 3.3V (depends on color)
I = Is × (e^(V/(n×Vt)) - 1)
Donde: I = Corriente, Is = Corriente de saturación, V = Voltaje, n = Factor ideal, Vt = Voltaje térmico
- Allows current in only one direction
- Has a forward voltage drop
- Protects circuits from reverse polarity
- Fast switching capability
- AC to DC rectification
- Voltage regulation (Zener)
- LED lighting
- Reverse polarity protection